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  3. Just as you can be slim and inactive, it’s possible to be overweight and act

Just as you can be slim and inactive, it’s possible to be overweight and act

游客2023-07-16  26
问题     Just as you can be slim and inactive, it’s possible to be overweight and active. But which is better for your health?
    Two months ago, an awful lot of us decided it was time to get off our ever-spreading backsides and do some exercise. This new year’s resolution wasn’t just about vanity (虚荣), oh no. The government tells us that obesity (肥胖) has a "severe impact" on our health, and places a "significant burden on the NHS (the National Health Service)", so slimming is practically our duty to our country.
    If the fat is already melting away, then lucky you. But what if the exercise doesn’t seem to be working? What if you can now run a kilometre in a minute and a half, yet your weight has hardly changed? Are you a lost cause? Or is it possible to be both fat and fit — not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter?
    Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health, which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55. Compared with women who were both thin and active (ie, who reported taking 150 minutes or more of exercise a week) researchers found that obese but active women had a mortality rate (mortality rate is the number of deaths during a particular period of time among a particular type or group of people) that was 91% higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142% higher), they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher). "This data does not support the theory that if you are physically active, you don’t have to worry about your weight," was the opinion of Frank Hu, who led the study.
    A similar picture emerged in 2008 after Harvard-affiliated researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Next to active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease, while the active but obese were in 87% greater danger. "Even high quantities of physical activity are unlikely to fully reverse the risk of heart disease in overweight and obese women without concurrent (同时发生的) weight loss," the authors concluded. [br] Harvard-affiliated researchers found in 2008 that if fat people got much exercise,______.
选项 A、they still had high risk of heart disease
B、they were less likely to develop heart disease
C、they didn’t have to worry about their weight
D、they could lose a lot of weight at the same time
答案 A
解析 根据题干中的Harvard-affiliated researchers将本题出处定位到末段。该段论述了运动、体重和心脏病之间的关系，研究者最后总结说：“对于超重和过度肥胖的女性来说，在不能同时使体重减轻的情况下，大量的体育运动也不太可能彻底解除患心脏病的风险。”由此可知，就算胖人大量运动，他们仍然有患心脏病的高风险，故答案为[A]。[B]“他们得心脏病的可能性小”与该研究结论相反。体重跟患心脏病有很大的关系，胖人就算多做运动，还是要关注体重的，故排除[C]；[D]是针对末句的concurrent weight loss设的干扰项，文中说的是“对于超重和过度肥胖的女性来说，在不能同时使体重减轻的情况下，大量的体育运动也不太可能彻底解除患心脏病的风险”，并不是说运动就可以同时减肥，故排除[D]。
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