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  3. Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willi

Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willi

游客2023-06-25  37
问题     Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed【C1】______the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our【C2】______to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A【C3】______reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is【C4】______to change people’s minds and moods,【C5】______their decision making in measurable ways.
    In a study【C6】______online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly【C7】______or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students【C8】______on the back of the shoulder for about one second【C9】______providing verbal (口头的) instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were【C10】______more likely to choose the risky alternative【C11】______were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring (宽慰的) touch of a woman may have induced early associations,【C12】______the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of【C13】______mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.
    To further【C14】______that a woman’s touch links feelings of security【C15】______risk taking, the researchers asked a【C16】______group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the【C17】______half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a【C18】______of insecurity made students in the latter group【C19】______receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug【C20】______Mom before stepping on the bus. [br] 【C12】
选项 A、intending
B、inferring
C、inspiring
D、instructing
答案 C
解析 动词辨义。此处需要动词的现在分词形式引导伴随状语。本句主干部分的句意为“女性宽慰式的触摸可能会诱发人们产生早期的联想”，根据前文表述，这种联想伴随的结果是“激励孩子愿意进行探索”。inspiring“激发，鼓舞”符合要求，为本题的答案。intending“打算，想要”；inferring“推断，推论”；instructing“指导，命令”，均与句意不符，故排除。
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