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  3. 　　The age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮) could influence how s

　　The age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮) could influence how s

游客2023-06-19  8
问题 　　The age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮) could influence how strongly they are affected, suggests a new study. And, surprisingly, it is not the youngest kids who are hurt the most in the long term. Bullying can have long-lasting effects, but particularly when it begins in adolescence (青春期), the researchers say.
    People subjected to either oral or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk for developing depression, anxiety disorders or to behave violently. But not everyone reacts in this way. Children bullied for the first time before they hit adolescence seem to get over it, but those who are victimised for the first time late on in adolescence seem to become more aggressive or are more likely to turn to drink as a means of coping. These are the conclusions of psychologist Matthew Newman and colleagues from the University of Texas at Austin, US.
    The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1500 college students regarding their experience of physical and psychological bullying before adolescence—before high school—and in late adolescence—at high school. They assessed mood and mental state, judging by signs of anxiety or depression, such as sleeplessness. The group was also questioned about how they would react to certain challenges, such as being embarrassed or provoked.
    People who were bullied all revealed slightly higher levels of stress. But while those bullied earlier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation, people bullied for the first time late in adolescence are more withdrawn and sensitive to violence.
    The best solution was strong social support, whether from friends, family or school. Those with no one to share their problems with suffered the most.
    So, perhaps it is best not to shelter children completely from bullying early on, suggests Newman. "They may get stressed, but unhealthy coping really jumps out when they are bullied for the first time later on." The effects are likely to be related to the developing stress hormone system, which matures during adolescence, he concludes. Studies show abnormal stress responses in adult animals that experience social stress or aggression from other animals during adolescence. [br] According to the study, the age at which bullying begins is related to ________.
选项 A、how intense its influence is
B、how long its influence lasts
C、how much it influences adolescent
D、how its influence can be eliminated
答案 A
解析 第1段第1句中的…how strongly…表明孩子首次受侮辱的年龄与这些受侮辱经历对孩子产生影响的强度有关，A中的intense(强烈的)与文中的strong对应，故为本题答案。第1段第2句提到了in the long term，但原文并没有讨论小孩受侮辱后会产生多长久的影响，因此，B不正确；原文提到adolescence是为了指出在这个时期受到侮辱的小孩，受到的伤害最重，但并没有讨论受侮辱对青少年成长的影响，因此，C看似与原文用词相近，但原文并无此意；原文没有讨论如何“消除”受侮辱后的影响，因此，D没有原文依据。
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