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  3. 共用题干 Exercising Your Memory1. Aging doe

共用题干 Exercising Your Memory1. Aging doe

考试题库2022-08-02  24
问题 共用题干Exercising Your Memory
1. Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power,unless you help it happen by let-ting your mind go.
2. That's not to say that memory doesn't change throughout life.Researchers divide memory into categories based on the length of time when memories are stored.One system divides it up as short-term(less than one minute;remembering a telephone number while you dial,for in-stance),long-term(over a period of years)and very long-term memory(over a lifetime).
3. Short-term memory isn't mastered until about age 7,but after that you never lose it.Long-term memory,however,involves more effort and skill and changes more through life .It's not until the early teens（十几岁）that most people develop a mature long-term memory.
4. First,we must get information into our heads through learning. Learning strategies can get rusty（生锈）without constant use. High school and college students , who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities(at least long-term enough to get them through a final exam),usually do well on memory tests.The longer you stay in school,the more chance you get to polish your learning skills.It's no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life.
5. Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger,a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active-reading,discussing,taking classes,thinking-and those who do not. Giving the brain daily workout（锻炼）is just as important as exercising your muscles.Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape,and this helps your memory to function at full capacity.
6. The next part of a healthy long-term memory is retention（记忆力）,the ability to store what you have learned. Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost-whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up,or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages.
7. The third necessity for memory is recall,the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored.Again,while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get,the longer it takes to recall facts But slower recall is still recall. In fact,aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all,which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people.Remembering something all your life______.A: for younger and older peopleB: to the proper function of your memoryC: is called long-term memoryD: the capacity to store what you have learnedE: belongs to very long-term memoryF: the ability to remain mentally healthy
选项 Remembering something all your life______.
A: for younger and older people
B: to the proper function of your memory
C: is called long-term memory
D: the capacity to store what you have learned
E: belongs to very long-term memory
F: the ability to remain mentally healthy
答案 E
解析 第三段共三句话，第一句讲了短期记忆，第二、三句讲了长期记忆，因此本段的主题应该是对两者进行对比。


第四段先讲必须通过学习使大脑获得信息，学习策略不经常使用就要生锈。中间举了学生学习为例。最后一句话是本段结论性的话，“受教育越多的人，一生中记忆技巧就越有效，这就不足为奇了”。可见本段主题是讲学习策略与有效记忆技巧之间的关系的。


第五段讲的是老年人的记忆，其中讲到思维活跃的老人与思维不活跃的老人之间有明显差别，最后一句话仍然是结论性的，“脑力劳动可以使你的学习策略保持良好的状态，并有助于记忆力充分发挥作用”。因此，本段的主题应是“保持思维活跃的重要性”。


本段一开始就说，“健全的长期记忆的第二部分就是记忆力，即储存你所学知识的能力。”可见本段主题已很鲜明了。


第六段第一句中的“the ability to store what you have learned”就是它前面的名词“retention”的同位语，只是本题将ability换成capacity而已。


文章最后一句说“实际上，年老似乎对遗忘没有什么影响，因为遗忘的发生率年轻人与老年人是一样的”，可见本题答案应为A。


根据第二段第二句对记忆的分类法，其中very long-term memory的记忆时间是over a life time，故本题答案应为E。


根据第五段第二句及第三句，从“Giving the brain a daily workout... helps your memory to function at full capacity,”可以看出本题答案应为B。
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