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  3. Mind wandering has long been thought of

Mind wandering has long been thought of

题库2022-08-02  57
问题 Mind wandering has long been thought of as the enemy of concentration,but that's not always true-the right kind of daydreaming can actually help you focus.Read on to discover how to take control of your wandering mind,and other simple ways to stay sharp when deadlines are looming.41.Research by Nilli Lavie at University College London has found that adding deliberate distractions-a jazzy border on a page or a bit of background noise-actually reduces distractibility.Her"load theory"proposes this works because attention is a limited resource,so ifyou fill all the attentional"slots"in your mind,it leaves no room for other distractions.42.The prospect of a treat can keep people focused,but only when it is well-timed,studies show.Offering people small rewards throughout a boring task didn't stop them from losing focus,but the promise of a larger reward that they would receive at the end of the task kept them alert.This approach probably works best with an accomplice to keep you from caving early,says Michael Esterman,at the Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory,who did the research 43.Stopping every now and again to give your mind a chance to wander can invigorate focus,says psychologist Paul Seli of Harvard University."If you say to yourself,now I'm going to think about something unrelated,maybe problem-solve something else that is on your mind,and then come back to your task,That can definitely be beneficial,"he says.44.You might think that an adrenaline boost would focus the mind,but stress actually stimulates the release of hormones,including noradrenaline（去甲肾上腺索）,which bind to receptors in the cognitive control circuits.This in turn makes it harder for them to keep tabs on mind wandering.45.A lack of sleep hammers mental performance in general,and reduces our ability to resist both internal and external distractions.And there's an added bonus-sleep is also important for memory consolidation.In fact,recent research suggests that if you have an hour spare before an exam,a nap could be a more effective use of your time than spending it revising.44选？A.Bribe yourselfB.Daydream during breaksC.Get some breaksD.De-stressE.Give your mind more to doF.Have a big mealG.Test yourself regularly
选项 A.Bribe yourself
B.Daydream during breaks
C.Get some breaks
D.De-stress
E.Give your mind more to do
F.Have a big meal
G.Test yourself regularly
答案 D
解析 该段落讲到，压力会刺激大脑释放诸如去甲肾上腺素的激素，而去甲肾上腺素会与认知控制回路中的受体结合，这反过来又使他们更难注意到自己走神。因此人们需要适时减压，故D项为正确选项。
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英语二研究生

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