首页
登录
公务员类
When we eat may be just as important as
When we eat may be just as important as
admin
2022-08-02
33
问题
When we eat may be just as important as what we eat. A new study shows that mice that eat when they should be sleeping gain more weight than mice that eat at normal hours. Another study sheds light on why we pack on the pounds in the first place. Whether these studies translate into therapies that help humans beat obesity remains to be seen, but they give scientists clues about the myriad factors that they must take into account. Observations of overnight workers have shown that eating at night disrupts metabolism and the hormones that signal we’re sated. But no one had done controlled studies on this connection until now. Biologist Fred Turek of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, and graduate student Deanna Arble examined the link between a high-fat diet and what time of day mice eat. A control group of six nocturnal mice ate their pellets (60% fat by calories, mostly lard) during the night. Another group of six ate the same meal during the day, Turek says, which disrupts their circadian rhythm—the body’s normal 24-hour cycle. After 6 weeks, the off-schedule mice weighed almost 20% more than the controls, Turek and Arble report today in?Obesity, supporting the idea that consuming calories when you should be sleeping is harmful. Turek and Arble acknowledge that the disrupted mice ate a tad more and were a tad more sluggish, but the differences could not account for all of the weight gain. In the second study, a different team of researchers investigated the link between weight and the immune system. Hundreds of genes seem to affect the accumulation of fat, but one that helps protect us from infection might help us lose weight with little effort, biochemist Alan Saltiel of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and colleagues suggest today in?Cell. The researchers tested me weight-adding abilities of a protein called IKK∈, which is linked with obesity, diabetes, and chronic, low-1evel inflammation. For 3 months, the team fed six mice missing IKK∈ genes a diet of high-fat chow. Because IKKE’s main job is immune defense, Saltiel’s team didn’t expect to find weight differences between knockout mice and controls. But the knockout mice did gain significantly less. Best of all, the girth the animals did add was less harmful to their overall health. “The knockout mice don’t gain as much weight but also don’t get diabetes, don’t get insulin resistance, and don’t get accumulation of lipids on the liver,” Saltiel says, all of which contribute to the suite of health problems associated with being overweight. Saltiel calls IKK∈ “an especially appealing drug target for the treatment of metabolic disease.” Tom Maniatis, a molecular biologist at Harvard University praises the study but remains skeptical about any drug that would inhibit IKK∈. He helped develop the mice used in the experiment and notes that they are vulnerable to the flu. He suspects that suppressing IKK∈ may help people with diabetes or obesity, “but the first time the swine flu comes along, that’s it.” Researchers are also enthusiastic about the circadian rhythm paper Frank Scheet, a neuroscientist at Harvard who studies sleep, was struck that “you could see something happening [to the disrupted mice] in the first week already. That’s consistent with human studies where we found changes in just 3 days.” Together, the papers suggest that there’s no simple answer to why people gain weight. Says Turek, “It’s clearly not just calories in versus calories out.”What does the word “nocturnal” mean in the second paragraph?A.Hungry.B.NightlyC.HealthyD.Greedy
选项
A.Hungry.
B.Nightly
C.Healthy
D.Greedy
答案
B
解析
第二段主要描述实验对比老鼠在夜间饮食和在白天饮食是否会对新陈代谢产生影响。后一句讲的是白天老鼠正常饮食,由此可以推断这一句指的是夜间的老鼠。nocturnal和nightly的意思最接近,即夜间的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/gongwuyuan/2635062.html
本试题收录于:
英语言文学 军队文职题库军队文职人员招聘分类
英语言文学 军队文职
军队文职人员招聘
相关试题推荐
_____isthelastimportantnovelistand
TheMidwestisAmerica’smostimportant
Whenweeatmaybejustasimportantas
Whenweeatmaybejustasimportantas
Whenweeatmaybejustasimportantas
Whenweeatmaybejustasimportantas
Whenweeatmaybejustasimportantas
TheMidwestisAmerica′smostimportant
()isAustralia’smostimportantindustr
随机试题
[A]menu[B]access[C]ineffective[D]enhanced[E]routine[F]particularly[G]co
Formostpeople,fatisaburden.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhereitappear
Theworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow.Therenowareabout4billionofus
[originaltext]W:Hi,John!M:Oh.Hi,Laura.What’reyoudoinghere?W:Uh...I
下列绩效审计方法中,属于定量分析方法的是( )。A.逻辑模型法 B.内容分析
下列哪项是按成苷键的原子分类的A.蒽醌苷B.黄酮苷C.木脂素苷D.氰苷E.香豆素
A.甲硝唑阴道用药 B.1:5000高锰酸钾坐浴 C.激光、冷冻等物理或手术
案例二: 一般资料:求助者,女性,己婚,40岁,本科学历,公司职员。 案例介
某人有100万元本金,年利率5%,以单利计算,3年后的本利和为()万元。A
银行承兑汇票的承兑银行,应当按照票面金额向出票人收取()的手续费。A:千分之一
最新回复
(
0
)