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  3. 资料：Demystifying how social and human-lik

资料：Demystifying how social and human-lik

题库2022-08-02  32
问题 资料：Demystifying how social and human-like robots work is vital so that we can understand and shape how they will affect our future, Dr Hatice Gunes will tell the Hay Festival next week. (1)　　Fear mongering and myth-making about human-like and social robots is stopping us from engaging with the technology behind them and having an input into how they—and we—evolve, says Hatice Gunes, Associate Professor at University of Cambridge's Computer Laboratory. (2)　　Dr Gunes will be speaking about her research at the Hay Festival on 1st June and says we need to move beyond sensationalist portrayals of human-like robot. Her Hay talk will centre on human robot interaction [ HRI] and how it can be used for our benefit, for instance, for helping children with autism learn how to read expressions and to stimulate the senses of elderly people in care. (3)　　Dr Gunes will outline how HRI works. She says it has to be believable in order to be effective. That means robots’ appearance is very important. This is what has driven the development of humanoid robots with arms and aspects of a human face which can behave in a human-like way, for instance, moving their arms, legs and eyes. However, more important than appearance is their behaviour and emotional expressivity. Dr Gunes refers to the way we relate to Disney’s animated characters. “People believe in them because they can portray emotion,” she says. (4)　　To achieve expressivity requires an understanding of how human emotions are portrayed and triggered. Scientists have been working on artificial emotional intelligence which enables new technology such as embodied agents and robots to both express and detect emotions, understanding non-verbal cues. Dr Gunes cites the work of Charles Darwin on the visual nature of emotions and how they can be mapped to various changes in facial expressions. (5)　　Her research investigates how humanoids can be programmed not only to extract and respond to facial clues to emotions, but also to understand the context in which those emotions are expressed. That means they will be able to offer a response that is sensitive to specific contexts. (6)　　Will robots ever be able to have emotions themselves though? Dr Gunes says there is no reason why not and questions what emotions are. The process of working with robots on artificial emotional intelligence unpicks the nature of our emotions, showing them to be a layering of different goals, experiences and stimuli. (7)　　 Another area which scientists are looking at in their quest to improve humanoids’ believability is personality. Dr Gunes has done a lot of work on personality in telepresence robotics, robots controlled remotely by a human—a kind of 3D avatar. These can be used in many ways, for instance, by medical staff to offer remote home care. The medical person can be based anywhere and operate the robot through a virtual headset. Dr Gunes is interested in how people react to the teleoperator (the human controlling the robot remotely) who is present in robot form. Once again, both the robot’s physical appearance and behaviour are important and research shows that their personality needs to be task dependent. (8)　　Dr Gunes says there remain some big challenges for scientists working on HRI, including how to process and combine all the different data they are gathering, how to modify their appearance and behaviour dynamically, and how to keep their power going 24/7. The major challenges, however, are to do with breaking down some of the myths and fears people have about humanoids. (9)　　 Part of this is because they don’t understand the benefits humanoid robots can bring and why, for instance, they need to take on a human form and understand emotions. She says humanoids can be positive in terms of increasing trust and engagement among certain groups, such as the elderly; that humans tends to anthropomorphise technology in any event; and that robots can be programmed to be limited to positive emotions that promote altruism. (10)　　“People tend to love or hate robots, but they don’t really know a lot abouA.it is not meaningful for robots to have the appearance of humanB.people who make the appearance of robots very human-like should be blamedC.people need to pay more attention to the development of robots’functionsD.the appearance of robots has become more and more emotional
选项 A.it is not meaningful for robots to have the appearance of human
B.people who make the appearance of robots very human-like should be blamed
C.people need to pay more attention to the development of robots’functions
D.the appearance of robots has become more and more emotional
答案 C
解析 本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】Dr Gunes says“…”；believes，paragraph 3
【主题句】第3自然段However, more important than appearance is their behaviour and emotional expressivity. 然而，比外表更重要的是他们的行为和情感表达能力。Her Hay talk will centre on human robot interaction [ HRI] and how it can be used for our benefit…她的讲话将着重于人工智能机器人的互动和机器人如何使用才能有益于我们……
【解析】本题问的是：Gunes博士说“我们需要超越对类人机器人的感性描述”（第3段），因为她相信_______________。选项A意为“机器人拥有人类的外表是没有意义的”。选项B意为“应当谴责那些使机器人看起来很像人类的人”。选项C意为“人们需要更多地关注机器人功能的发展”。选项D意为“机器人的外观变得越来越有情感”。根据关键词，找到主题句，可知，Gunes博士之所以这么说，是因为人类需要关注机器人的使用以有益于人类发展，结合题意，故选C。
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