E公司生产销售一种产品,该产品的单位变动成本是60元,单位售价是80元。公司目前

最全题库2022-08-02  29

问题 E公司生产销售一种产品,该产品的单位变动成本是60元,单位售价是80元。公司目前采用“n/30”的信用政策,80%的顾客(按销售量计算,下同)能在信用期内付款,另外20%的顾客平均在信用期满后20天付款,收回逾期应收账款的收账费用为逾期账款的5%,公司每年的销售量为36000件,平均存货水平为2000件。每件存货成本按变动生产成本50元计算。 为了扩大销售量、缩短平均收现期,公司拟提出“ 5/10、2/20、n/30”的现金折扣政策。采用该政策后,预计销售量会增加15%,40%的顾客会在10天内付款,30%的顾客会在20天内付款,20%的顾客会在30天内付款,另10%的顾客平均在信用期满后20天付款,收回逾期应收账款的收账费用为逾期账款的5%。为了保证及时供货,平均存货水平需提高到2400件,其他条件不变。 假设等风险投资的必要报酬率为12%,一年按360天计算。 要求:(1)计算改变信用政策后边际贡献、收账费用、应收账款应计利息、存货应计利息、现金折扣成本的变化。(2)计算改变信用政策的税前损益增加,并回答E公司是否应推出该现金折扣政策。

选项

答案

解析 (1)
改变信用政策后增加的销售额=36000×15%×80=432000(元)  
边际贡献增加额=432000×(80-60)/80=108000(元)  
收账费用减少额=36000×80×20%×5%-36000×(1+15%)×80×10%×5%=12240(元)  
改变信用政策前平均收现期=30×80%+20%×(30+20)=34(天)  
改变信用政策前应收账款应计利息=(36000×80/360)×(60/80)×34×12%=24480(元)  
改变信用政策后平均收现期=40%×10+30%×20+20%×30+10%×(30+20)=21(天)  
改变信用政策后应收账款应计利息=[36000×(1+15%)×80/360]×(60/80)×21×12%=17388(元)  
应收账款应计利息减少额=24480-17388= 7092(元)  
存货占用资金应计利息增加额=(2400-2000)×50×12%=2400(元)  
现金折扣成本增加额=36000×(1+15%)×80×40%×5%+36000×(1+15%)×80×30%×2%=86112(元)  
(2)
改变信用政策的税前损益增加=108000+12240+7092-2400-86112=38820(元)  
由于税前损益增加,所以应该推出该现金折扣政策。  
English answers  :
(1)Sales change after change of credit policy =36000×15%×80=432000 (Yuan)
Increase of contribution margin after change of credit policy=432000×(80-60)/80=108000
(Yuan)
Deduction of collection expense after change of credit policy
=36000×80×20%×5%-36000×(1+15%)×80×10%×5%=12240 (Yuan)
Average days of account receivables before change of credit policy = 30×80%+20%×(30+20)=34
(days)
Interest accrued for account receivables before change of credit policy=36000×80/360×60/80×34×12%=24480 (Yuan)
Average days of account receivables after change of credit policy=40%×10+30%×20+20%×30+10%×(30+20)=21 (days)
Interest accrued for account receivables after change of credit policy=36000×80/360×(1+15%)×60/80×21×12%=17388 (Yuan)
Decrease of interest accrued for account receivables after change of credit policy=24480-17388=7092 (Yuan)
Increase of interest accrued for inventory after change of credit policy=(2400-2000)×50×12%=2400 (Yuan)
Increase of cost resulting from discount expense after change of credit policy=36000×(1+15%)×80×40%×5%+36000×(1+15%)×80×30%×2%=86112 (Yuan)
(2)Increase of net gain after change of credit policy =108000+12240+7092-2400-86112=38820(Yuan)
The company should implement the discount policy because the net gain is greater than 0 after the change of credit policy.
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