A公司上年销售收入5000万元,净利润400万元,支付股利200万元。上年年末有

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问题 A公司上年销售收入5000万元,净利润400万元,支付股利200万元。上年年末有关资产负债表资料如下: 单位:万元根据过去经验,需要保留的金融资产最低为2840万元,以备各种意外支付。(1)假设经营资产中有80%与销售收入同比例变动,经营负债中有60%与销售收入同比例变动,回答下列互不相关的问题: ①若A公司既不发行新股也不举借新债,营业净利率和股利支付率不变,计算今年可实现的销售额。 ②若今年预计销售额为5500万元,销售净利率变为6%,股利支付率为80%,同时需要增加100万元的长期投资(属于经营资产),其融资总需求和外部融资额为多少? ③若今年预计销售额为6000万元,但A公司经预测,今年可以获得外部融资额504万元,在营业净利率不变的情况下,A公司今年可以支付多少股利? ④若今年A公司销售量增长可达到25%,据预测产品销售价格将下降8%,但营业净利率提高到10%,并发行新股100万元,如果计划股利支付率为70%,其新增外部负债为多少?(2)假设预计今年资产总量为12000万元,负债的自发增长为800万元,可以获得外部融资额800万元,营业净利率和股利支付率不变,计算今年可实现的销售额。

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解析 (1)变动经营资产销售百分比 =7000×80%/5000×100%=112% 变动经营负债销售百分比 =3000×60%/5000×100%=36% 可动用的金融资产=3000-2840=160(万元)   ①营业净利率=400/5000×100%=8%股利支付率=200/400×100%=50% 因为既不发行新股也不举借新债,所以外部融资额为0,假设今年的销售增长额为W万元,则: 0=W×(112%-36%)-160-(5000+W)×8%×(1-50%) 解得:销售增长额=500(万元) 所以,今年可实现的销售额 =5000+500=5500(万元)   ②融资总需求=(5500-5000)×(112%-36%)+100=480(万元)外部融资额 =480-160-5500×6%×(1-80%) =254(万元)   ③504=(6000-5000)×(112%-36%)-160-6000×8%×(1-股利支付率)解得:股利支付率=80% 可以支付的股利=6000×8%×80%=384(万元)   ④今年的销售额=5000×(1+25%)×(1-8%) =5750(万元) 外部融资额 =(5750-5000)×(112%-36%)-160-5750×10%×(1-70%) =237.5(万元)   外部负债融资额 =外部融资额-外部权益融资额 =237.5-100=137.5(万元)  Variable operating assets to sales percentage =7000×80%/5000×100%=112% Variable operating liabilities to sales percentage =3000×60%/5000×100%=36% Available financial assets=3000-2840=160(ten thousand Yuan) ①Net profit margin=400/5000×100%=8%Dividend payout ratio=200/400×100%=50% Since there is no issuance of new shares nor new debts, so external financing amount is zero, assume the sales growth amount in this year is W ten thousand Yuan, then: 0=W×(112%-36%)-160-(5000+W)×8%×(1-50%) Then: The amount of sales growth=500(ten thousand Yuan) Thus, achievable sales amount in this year =5000+500=5500(ten thousand Yuan) ②Total financing needs=(5500-5000)×(112%-36%)+100=480(ten thousand Yuan) External financing amount =480-160-5500×6%×(1-80%) =254(ten thousand Yuan) ③504=(6000-5000)×(112%-36%)-160-6000×8%×(1-Dividend payout ratio) Then:Dividend payout ratio=80% Dividend could be paid=6000×8%×80%=384(ten thousand Yuan) ④Sales amount in this year=5000×(1+25%)×(1-8%) =5750(ten thousand Yuan) External financing amount =(5750-5000)×(112%-36%)-160-5750×10%×(1-70%) =237.5(ten thousand Yuan) Amount from external debt financing =External financing amount-Amount from external equity financing =237.5-100=137.5(ten thousand Yuan)
(2)外部融资额=预计资产总量-已有的资产-负债的自发增长-内部提供的资金 800=12000-10000-800-今年销售额×8%×(1-50%) 解得:今年销售额=10000(万元)
External financing amount= Expected total assets-Existing growth of debt-Internal funds provided 800=12000-10000-800-Sales amount in this year×8%×(1-50%) Then:sales amount in this year=10000(ten thousand Yuan)
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