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  3. Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and hi

Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and hi

游客2025-03-18  19
问题     Today I am going to tell you something about President Chester Arthur and his civil service reform. Chester Arthur was elected vice-president of the United States in 1880. In the summer of 1881 President James Garfield was assassinated. A few hours after the President’s death, Chester Arthur took the oath of office. President Arthur had been a successful lawyer and worked in politics for many years, but he had never held an elected office, so in the beginning, some Americans questioned his ability to serve in the White House. President Arthur surprised them; his success in the reform of the civil service system won him much support from the people.
    In his first message to Congress President Arthur proposed a new civil service system that would let ability, not politics, decide who got government jobs. The Republican Party leaders opposed this proposal because the civil service system would stop them form giving federal jobs to their supporters. It would destroy much of their power. These Republican leaders controlled the Congress. They refused to act on the civil service proposal.
    New cases of dishonesty were discovered in government departments. The public began to demand laws to clean up the civil service. In 1882 a new Congress was elected. The new Congress was controlled by the Democratic Party. President Arthur again appealed for civil service reform. This time he got results. The new Congress passed the Civil Service Bill, which required 10 percent of all federal jobs to be filled through competitive examinations. This 10 percent included most workers at the Federal Customs Houses and half the officials in the Post Office Department.
    Chester Arthur’s efforts for honest government won him much support from the people, but he could not win the support of his own Republican Party. He failed to win the Presidential nomination in the Republican Nominating Convention in 1884.
Questions: [br] Which of the following sentences is True according to the passage?
选项 A、Chester Arthur killed President James Garfield and took the oath of office.
B、Chester Arthur had worked in politics for many years and held an elected office.
C、Chester Arthur was turned down by Congress when he first put forward his proposal for the new civil service system.
D、Chester Arthur was strongly opposed by Congress and the common people after he carried out his civil service reform.
答案 C
解析 第1题问按照文章内容下面哪个句子是正确的。这是一道判断是非题。我们可以针对四个选择项提供的信息，利用查阅式阅读的方法排除错误选项，找出正确答案C：Arthur第一次提出新公务员制度时被国会否决了。文章第一段指出，1881年夏季，Arthur于总统James Garfield遇刺身亡后几个小时，宣誓就任了总统。他一直是一个成功的律师，并且从事政治活动多年，但从来没当过总统。所以刚开始时，一些美国人怀疑他任职于白宫的能力。从这些内容，我们可以排除掉A和B两个选项。而D项答案之所以是错误的，原因是最后一段的第一句话话中，Arthur廉政的努力和举措赢得了人民群众的支持，但却得不到他自己所在的共和党的拥护。所以本题的答案应选C。而与C相关的信息在文章的第二段中。
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