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  3. Worries about the future of tribal peoples are in many ways a continuation o

Worries about the future of tribal peoples are in many ways a continuation o

游客2025-01-03  49
问题     Worries about the future of tribal peoples are in many ways a continuation of what has been going on for a very long time. Individual peoples have always been massacred, enslaved or deprived of their freedom--think of the peoples under the Aztecs, or the tribal peoples of India. Pressures on tribal peoples are not intrinsically related to modernity or capitalism.
   Attempts to look after tribal peoples are also relatively old. Groups such as the Aborigines Protection Society or the Anti-Slavery Association date back to the last century. But what is new today is the scale and speed of expansion into areas inhabited by aboriginal peoples, Most tribal peoples survive in areas which traditionally have been marginal to business the Arctic, the desert, tropical forests. It is their bad luck that in many cases these are unexploited mineral-rich regions that are now coming under pressure.
   Another development is the move away from paternalistic protection. The 1960s, when the pressures on the tribal peoples of Amazonia first came to public attention, was a period of liberal thinking. People were shocked, groups like Survival International were set up, and there was a feeling that tribal peoples would disappear unless we in the West did something about it we, the very people who were creating the pressures in the first place!
   Now the weight has shifted from westerners trying to look after tribal peoples to tribal peoples being given the power to look after themselves.
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答案    部落民族的未来令人担忧，他们的问题在许多方面是长期的历史问题的延续。一个个部族遭屠杀，受奴役，被剥夺自由，阿兹特克人统治下的部族或印度的部族就是例证。部族受到的压迫与现代社会或资本主义并无内在联系。
   为保护部族所做的努力也已有相当长的历史。土著人保护会和反奴隶制联合会之类的团体上个世纪就已经成立了。然而今天的新问题是，对土著民族居住区的蚕食规模大、速度快。大多数部族残存在传统上远离商业的地区——北极地区、沙漠地带、热带森林。他们的厄运是，这些地方往往是尚未开发的矿藏丰富区，这些地区现在正承受压力。
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