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  3. Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain

Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain

游客2024-12-17  56
问题    Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain issues have persisted since the early days of the republic. One is the continuing debate over the proper role for government in what is basically a marketplace economy. An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative, with a relative absence of government involvement. However, government intervention has been found necessary from time to time to ensure that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people, to prevent flagrant abuses, to dampen inflation and to stimulate growth.
   Ever since colonial times, the government has been involved, to some extent, in economic decision-making. The federal government, for example, has made huge investments in infrastructure, and it has provided social welfare programmes that the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide. In a myriad of ways and over many decades, the government has supported and promoted the development of agriculture.
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答案    多年来，美国经济虽历经改革，但自美国独立初期成立以来一直存在的诸多问题，依然顽固存在。问题之一是关于在大体市场经济的条件下，政府定位应该放在哪里才算合理的长期争论。建于自由竞争基础上的这种经济体制，其基本特色是私人所有制和个人创造性，勿需政府的过多参与。然而，为了确保大家商业机会均等、防止公开滥用职权、遏制通货膨胀或是为了刺激经济发展，政府干预有时又是必要的。
   自殖民地时期以来，政府一直在一定的程度上干预着经济决策。举例来说，联邦政府在基础设施上已经作出了大笔的投资，而且它还提供了许多私营企业难以或是不愿提供的社会福利条件。几十年来，通过各种方式方法，政府始终在支持和促进农业的发展。
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