首页
登录
职称英语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distin
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distin
游客
2023-10-31
53
管理
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day",(Old English for breadmaker)and "Walker"(a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton"(middle enclosure)and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill). [br] Surnames are said to be ____ in Anglo-Saxon England.
选项
A、common
B、vocational
C、unusual
D、descriptive
答案
C
解析
根据Anglo-Saxon可定位考点在第1段。该段第1句说Anglo-Saxon时代的英国人通常只有一个名字,而第4句说“他们几乎没有姓”,因此可以判断C是答案。A(普遍的)、B(职业的)和D(描述的)均不符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3145383.html
相关试题推荐
ThemenandwomenofAnglo-SaxonEnglandnormallyboreonenameonly.Distin
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
A.limitedB.distinguishC.unlikeD.particularE.triggerF.inefficientG.c
It’sraining.Thereisa_____possibilitythatshewon’tcome.A、distinctB、dist
PASSAGETWO[br]Whyismandistinguishedfromotheranimals?Becauseofitsachi
Differentfromhowhenormallybehaves,Sam_____agoodboynow.A、istobeB、is
随机试题
Probablyforaslongastherehavebeensalesforces,managershavesought
甲公司拟在厂区内建造一幢新厂房,有关资料如下: (1)2020年1月1日向银行
零售行为评分主要指的是信用卡行为评分。( )
A.补血活血B.散瘀接骨C.破血行气D.清热解毒E.止咳平喘自然铜除止痛外,还具
财政是为实现政府职能服务的,财政职能是政府职能的经济体制,包括( )。A:资源
把下面的六个图形分为两类,使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律,分类正确的一项是
一千多年来我国的绘画走过了一条与西方写实主义________的发展之路,并形成了
在认知疗法中布置家庭作业是()。A.行为矫正 B.自我审查 C.语义分析
关于舌下囊肿的处理,目前常用的治疗是A.袋形缝合 B.尽可能摘除囊肿 C.完
下列关于逃税罪的说法中,正确的有()。A.因不了解税法和有关税收政策造成未缴或
最新回复
(
0
)