首页
登录
职称英语
Three Systems of Memory1. Sensory memory■ Information held for less than 【T1】_
Three Systems of Memory1. Sensory memory■ Information held for less than 【T1】_
游客
2023-10-24
62
管理
问题
Three Systems of Memory
1. Sensory memory
■ Information held for less than 【T1】______ 【T1】______
■ 【T2】______ of senses stored briefly 【T2】______
■ Examples: 【T3】______ or door-closing sounds 【T3】______
2. Short-term memory or 【T4】______ 【T4】______
■ Information held for about 15 to 25 seconds
■ chunks of 【T5】______ information stored 【T5】______
■ Examples: telephone numbers, 【T6】______ and names 【T6】______
3. Long-term memory
■ Information held almost 【T7】______ 【T7】______
■ Information gets filed, 【T8】______, and stored 【T8】______
■ Two main categories
■ Declarative memory: 【T9】______ 【T9】______
■ 【T10】______ memory: skills and habits 【T10】______ [br] 【T4】
Three Systems of Memory
Psychologists have many theories to explain how we remember information. The most influential theory is that memory works as a kind of storage system, or storehouse, for information. According to this theory, there are three types of these storage systems with different functions that hold information for different amounts of time. These storage systems are sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
Let’s start with the first storage system, sensory memory. It holds information for the shortest amount of time-- less than four seconds. An instant. Sensory memory is where stimuli, or things that stimulate our senses, are very briefly stored. We forget sensory memories almost instantly, unless they pass into another storage system. Examples of stimuli that usually go into sensory memory are things that we see and hear in the world such as a flash of lightning, or the sound of a door closing.
Now, let’s move on to the second storage system, short-term memory, which is also sometimes called "working memory". It holds information for about 15 to 25 seconds. This is not a very long time, but the information that passes into this system has more meaning for us than just sensory stimulation. It is not entirely clear how some sensory memories transfer into more meaningful short-term memories. However, it has been proven that memory going into this system is made up of "chunks," or groups, of meaningful information. It has been found that only around seven "chunks" of information can be stored in short-term memory. Therefore, there is not a lot of room for information in short-term memory, and it does not stay there for very long. Examples of the type of information that typically goes into short-term memory are telephone numbers, addresses, and names.
Finally, let’s look at the third story system, long-term memory, which holds information almost indefinitely, although retrieving it can sometimes be difficult. We can think of long-term memory as a very big library, or even a computer chip, with almost unlimited capacities for storage. Information gets filed, catalogued, and stored. Long-term memory has several different components, or modules, that correspond to separate memory systems in the brain. The main two categories of long-term memory are declarative memory and procedural memory. Declarative memory is where we store factual information, such as names, faces, and dates. Procedural memory is where we store memory of skills and habits, like how to ride a bike. Within declarative memory, there are two smaller categories of memory, namely, episodic memory and semantic memory. Episodic memory is where we place memories that relate to our personal lives, things we have done or experienced, such as having a car accident. Semantic memory is where we organize general knowledge or facts about the world, such as math formulas.
OK, to sum up, today we’ve taken a brief look at the three storage systems and their different functions of holding information for different amounts of time. Next time, we’ll look at some other aspects of psychology.
选项
答案
working memory
解析
本题要求填入与short-term memory(短时记忆)相对应的名称。录音提到,短时记忆也被称为working memory(工作记忆)。故本题填入working memory。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3125442.html
相关试题推荐
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
A.informationB.lawC.damageD.ensureE.secureF.initiallyG.particularly
HumanfleshsearchmeansusingtheInternettoexposeinformationaboutpeop
Thegovernmenttriedto______thebookbecauseoftheinformationitcontainedab
Thegovernmentisnolongerpossibleto_______allinformationandstifleevery
Itwassuggestedthatallgovernmentministersshould______informationontheir
随机试题
Christine:WouldyoumindifIopenthedoor?It’sreallystuffyandhotinhere
[originaltext]M:MathDepartment,DoctorWebsterspeaking.W:Hello,Prof.Webs
Itisafavoritethingtolookbackatsomeofthereformswhichhavelong
Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmustseriouslyface
按诊断鉴别分类方法进行临床问题重点分类,不含A.器质性慢性问题 B.面临需要紧
β-内酰胺类药物的作用机制是A.影响胞浆膜通透性 B.抑制以DNA为模板的RN
投资后管理中,股权投资基金获得被投资企业的董事会席位后,可以参与()。A.决定公
国际收支平衡表由()组成。A.经常项目 B.资本与金融项目 C.误差与遗漏项
泊松分布的参数λ的矩法估计是()。 A.用方差作为λ的矩法估计B.用均值作
(2019年真题)工程网络计划优化是指()的过程。A.寻求工程总成本最低时
最新回复
(
0
)